Lab Report for n-Butyl Bromide Preparation Essay Example

Lab Report for n Lab Report for n-Butyl Bromide Preparation Paper Lab Report for n-Butyl Bromide Preparation Paper Add drop of water to watery arrangement that you intend to dispose of. Ensure water disintegrates then dispose of. Add ml MM HOSTS to residual arrangement and shake. Once more, expel the fluid layer on base and dispose of. Add ml of water to arrangement and shake. Natural layer on base, move base layer to clean ml vial. Include immersed watery sodium bicarbonate a little at once while mixing. Shake and permit layers to isolate. Move lower alkyl halide layer in ml cone shaped vial utilizing pipette. Dry arrangement over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Distil dry arrangement utilizing Hickman still. At the point when refining total, gauge the vial and compute percent yield. Decide the infrared range of item utilizing salt plate. Day 1: First I gauged an unfilled ml jar with cover = 15. Egg. At that point I included the n-butyl liquor into the cup and gauged that weight = 17. Egg. I can take away the two qualities to decide the specific load of n-butyl liquor included 17. Egg-15. Egg = 1. Egg n-butyl liquor. I at that point included 2. Ml of water and around 2. Egg of sodium bromide to the flagon and put it in an ice shower. I gradually included sulfuric corrosive drop by drop to the arrangement. At that point I expelled the carafe from the ice shower and set it in the gathered reflux device and started the warming procedure for 60 min. After the warming procedure was finished, I saw that the natural layer of the blend turned brilliant red. I extricated the natural layer by expelling and disposing of the watery base layer utilizing a pipette. To ensure I had no natural arrangement in the fluid concentrate, I included a drop of water and it broke down demonstrating that my watery concentrate was simply watery. I put the rest of the arrangement in a spotless ml vial and put it in the cooler. Day 2: After freezing the arrangement short-term, the natural layer turned a copper/earthy colored shading. I added ml of HOSTS to the vial and the two layers shaped with the natural layer on top. Evacuated and disposed of the fluid arrangement utilizing a pipette. I at that point included ml of H2O and two layers framed with the natural layer on the base. Utilizing a pipette I moved the base layer too clean ml vial. At that point included ml of sodium bicarbonate a little at once, shaking and venting every now and again. After the layers isolated I moved the lower alkyl halide layer to dry ml vial and dried this arrangement with granular anhydrous sodium sulfate. Id not have enough alkyl halide layer left to distil, so I gauged it and afterward played out the IR range with it. System of Product Synthesis: Results: As recently expressed, I needed more consummation item to play out the refining so this is the mass of my item without refining included. Mass of conclusive item: Mass of item + vial = 21. Egg Mass of vial just = 20. Egg Mass of item, alkyl layer = 21. Egg-20. Egg The presence of my item was clear Percent Yield = real/hypothetical x 100 Conclusion: = 0. Egg During this investigation, there were numerous odds for botches. With each extraction of one layer from another, item could have handily been abandoned and disposed of in the watery arrangement. The inverse could have happened as well. A portion of the fluid arrangement could have wound up in the completion item, which would have forestalled precision in the loads. Both of these mistakes could clarify why my percent yield is so low. Each time you move the item into another holder you hazard losing some of it behind all the while.

Aphra Behns Poem To the Fair Clarinda Essay -- Aphra Behn Fair Clarin

Aphra Behn's Poem To the Fair Clarinda In her sonnet â€Å"To the reasonable Clarinda,† Aphra Behn composes of a friendship between the speaker and Clarinda. This paper will endeavor to demonstrate that Clarinda is a bisexual rather than a lady as is famously accepted, in this manner totally changing the significance of the sonnet. In the initial hardly any lines, the speaker chooses to call Clarinda â€Å"Lovely Charming Youth† (4) rather than â€Å"Fair dazzling Maid† (1). The speaker says that the name will â€Å"lessen my constraint† (6). This could allude to the sexual emotions that are holding her back as a result of the womanly piece of Clarinda. â€Å"And without Blushes I the Youth persue† (7) tells how the speaker isn't humiliated to want Clarinda since she is alluded to as a Youth. More remote into the primary refrain, the speaker discusses how the affection among her and Clarinda is right on the grounds that Clarinda is seen by the remainder of the world to be just a lady, and two ladies in a well disposed, sentimental relationship was splendidly typical as of now. The speaker says that Clarinda was conceived as a hermaph...

Workplace Bullying Causes Anxiety Issues

Workplace Bullying Causes Anxiety Issues Stress Management Job Stress Workplace Bullying Print Workplace Bullying Causes Anxiety Issues By Sherri Gordon facebook twitter Sherri Gordon is a published author and a bullying prevention expert. Learn about our editorial policy Sherri Gordon Updated on June 27, 2019 Thomas Barwick / Stone / Getty Images More in Stress Management Job Stress Workplace Bullying Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress Workplace bullying can be a traumatic experience for those who are targeted. In fact, the distress, pain, and victimization that targets experience impacts almost every aspect of their lives leaving them feeling lonely, isolated, depressed and anxious. What’s more, the effects of workplace bullying not only linger long after the victim has moved on but also can reappear later in the form of various anxiety disorders. Are You Being Bullied? Anxiety Disorders Victims of Workplace Bullying Experience The top four anxiety disorders that targets of workplace bullying can experience include:generalized anxiety disorderpanic attackspost-traumatic stress disordersocial anxiety disorder. Generalized anxiety disorder. People with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are often plagued with worries and fears that distract them from their day-to-day activities. They also report being troubled by a persistent feeling that something bad is going to happen. Outsiders often characterize people with GAD as chronic worriers who feel anxious about something most of the time. Some physical symptoms of GAD include insomnia, stomachaches, restlessness, and fatigue. It is not uncommon for targets of workplace bullying to still worry or even expect that something bad is going to happen. After all, something bad did happen almost every day that they were in the workplace. As a result, this repeated stress filters over into other areas of their lives and becomes a generalized anxiety disorder. Panic attacks. Sometimes called panic disorder or anxiety attacks, people suffering from this condition must deal with unexpected and repeated panic attacks. During an attack, they experience feelings of terror that strike suddenly and repeatedly with no warning. Other symptoms of panic disorder may include sweating, chest pain, irregular heartbeats, and a choking sensation. Sufferers also may struggle with the fear of experiencing another episode. What’s more, if left untreated panic attacks can lead to agoraphobia, which is a fear of being in places where escape would be difficult. As a result, agoraphobics often avoid going out. They also avoid going to places like shopping malls or confined spaces like airplanes. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD occurs after a traumatic or life-threatening event. It also can show up after repeated abuse or bullying. Symptoms of PTSD include experiencing flashbacks, having nightmares, startling easily, withdrawing from others and being hyper-vigilant. People suffering from PTSD also avoid situations that remind them of the event. If the workplace bullying was particularly abusive and continued for an extended period of time, it is not surprising that some targets of bullying develop PTSD. Social anxiety disorder. When someone has a debilitating fear of being seen negatively by others or humiliated by others, they may have a social anxiety disorder. People with this disorder are overwhelmed with worry and self-consciousness about everyday social situations. Their fear is that others will judge them. They also are concerned that the way they look or act will lead to embarrassment or ridicule. In severe situations, people with social anxiety disorder avoid social situations altogether. It is not surprising that victims of workplace bullying would develop a social anxiety disorder, especially if they were repeatedly judged and publicly humiliated. They come to believe that the type of embarrassment they experienced at work will happen to them over and over again. When to Seek Professional Help There are some coping strategies that can be effective if a person’s worries, fears or anxiety attacks are not too severe. For instance, some people find that writing down their worries helps. Meanwhile, others allow themselves a set amount of time to worry about something. When the time is up, they force themselves to think about other things. Other options include practicing relaxation techniques, exercise, meditation, and prayer. But when the worries, fears or anxiety issues are significant enough that they are disrupting a person’s life in some way, it is important to seek professional help. Sometimes, physical anxiety symptoms like irregular heartbeats, sweating or persistent anxiety will be related to a medical condition instead of an anxiety disorder. Some possible culprits could be thyroid issues, hypoglycemia or even mitral valve prolapse. What’s more, certain medications or herbal remedies could cause symptoms as well. Be sure to consult a doctor for any lingering physical symptoms especially irregular heartbeats or breathing difficulties. If the doctor rules out a medical condition, consulting with a therapist or counselor that has experience treating anxiety issues is the next step. The counselor can determine the type of anxiety disorder that is present. She also can help the person work through any workplace bullying that was experienced. Talking to someone about workplace bullying is helpful in finding closure and moving on. In fact, it is a crucial step toward healing from workplace bullying. How Workplace Bullies Pick Their Targets

Community Based And Residential Delinquency Program

According to AMIkids.org, even thought AMIkids had a high-risk population most of the youth entering AMIkids community based and residential delinquency program successfully completed the program. In the year 2011 74% of the youth endorsed to an AMIkids group based project finished administrations, expanding from 70% in FY 2005-06. AMIkids has expanded the productivity of programming as of late, with normal lengths of administration diminishing both its group based and private misconduct mediations. About Six years back, it took about an average of 197 days for youth to finish AMIkids standard private projects. In 2011 this contrasts with a normal of 168 days. AMIkids has expanded the productivity of programming in the years, with normal lengths of administration diminishing for both its group based and private misconduct intercessions. AMIkids misconduct projects conceded a higher danger populace of youth who finished programming quicker than their partners six years prior, yet sti ll attained to moderately low rates of recidivism. Just 20% of youth finishing AMIkids group based projects were hence mediated for a law infringement and under one-quarter of the higher- hazard youth who finished private writing computer programs were re-arbitrated for a criminal offense inside 12 months of discharge. Recidivism rates, including both law and non- law infringement, for youth finishing AMIkids private wrongdoing projects dropped 15%, or four rate focuses, from 31% in FY 2005-05 toShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Delinquency Treatment : Description And Fundamental Principles1452 Words   |  6 PagesJuvenile Delinquency Treatment: Description and Fundamental Principles When treating juvenile delinquency the goal is to punish or rehabilitate the problem children after they have offended and been caught. 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This paper will discuss the role of the police, the courts and theRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency : A Controversial Issue Within The Criminal Justice System2342 Words   |  10 Pages Juvenile delinquency has become a controversial issue within the Criminal Justice system. In the United States, juvenile delinquency refers to disruptive and criminal behavior committed by an individual under the age of 18. In many states, a minor at the age of 16 to 17  ½ can be tried as an adult. Once the individual reaches adulthood, the disruptive and criminal behavior is recognized as a crime. However, the criminal justice system has divided juvenile delinquency into two general types of categoriesRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And Recidivism Are A Major Problem Within Our Country Today Essay1514 Words   |  7 Pages Juvenile delinquenc y and recidivism are a major problem within our country today. There are a number of programs out there that provide treatment for issues such as drug addiction and abuse. There are other programs that provide help for gang involvement, provide help to female offenders, provide help with family counseling, and for mental health issues. There are still others that help with community outreach and help with parenting and helping the family dynamic. Providing effective treatment

The Movie The Hunger Games - 889 Words

In every hero’s journey I’ve read in the past, the heroes are always the male character and there were never any females that were a hero/heroine. Joseph Campbell talked a little bit about the heroine, who is a female hero, and most people do not believe that women can be heroes. The first thing that caught my attention in The Hunger Games movie series was the main character and hero, Katniss Everdeen. She was a great example of a hero. She embodies the definition of a hero by the sense of the word; she was not only a great fighter in front of a strong male but she also volunteered to take the place of her little sister who was chosen in the first place. This was an act of heroic self-sacrifice. One of the main roles of the game was to be the sole survivor, but Katniss sacrificed her chance of winning only to save Peeta, whom she developed love for during the game. The actions displayed by Katniss align with Joseph Campbell’s ideal of a hero; â€Å"A hero is som eone who has given his or her life to something bigger than oneself.† On multiple occasions Katniss exemplifies this version of a hero. Katniss answers the call to adventure when her little sister, Primrose, was chosen for the reaping. At that moment, Katniss took charge of the situation and volunteered to take her sister’s place a tribute for District 12. During the final moments that she had with her family, she refused the death sentence that the hunger games offered and promised to return home to herShow MoreRelatedThe Movie Hunger Games Essay868 Words   |  4 PagesThe last movie is the novel adaptation, Hunger Games series came to a close on November 17, 2015. The final film in the series, Mockingjay Part 2, follows the same strategy as another young-adult movie franchise, Twilight. The book turned movie raised its nearly unknown cast to rock star status and enormous profit. 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Though there were differences in the detail that Suzanne Collins and the director of the movie went into, both the plots of the movie and the book areRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Hunger Games 891 Words   |  4 PagesSummarize the movie from a sociological perspective (approximately 1 page) : In the film of The Hunger Games, there are districts that are stratified, the bottom of the districts are those with the least amount of resources to survive. Those at the top control the resources by hosting an annual game that will test the strength and courage of two youth, â€Å"tributes,† to survive in a human hunting game. One male and one female are chosen at random from each district to participate in the game. There willRead MoreThe Hunger Games Movie Synopsis599 Words   |  2 PagesWelcome to The Hunger Games, a Lionsgate film. The film is set in the futuristic setting of a post- apocalyptic North American nation called Panem. 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AtRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Hunger Games 2215 Words   |  9 PagesChange in Feminism in the Cinema World The Hunger Games which is directed by Garry Ross is story in land of Panem which has grown out of the cadaverous ruins of what one time was known as North America, 74 years ago. The capitol introduced the hunger games as a reminder to the twelve districts of its authority and punishment for rebellion. Every year a boy and a girl from each district, who are known as Tributes, and they are of aged between 12 and 18. The names are chosen randomly in reaping ceremoniesRead MoreDifferences Between The Movie And The Hunger Games1046 Words   |  5 Pagesseen the Hunger Games movie and read the Hunger Games book? Have you ever noticed the superficial differences between them? Well, if you have then you clearly see that the movie and the book’s plots are relatively similar, but there are a few differences between the movie and the book. Although they bear some superficial differences, the similarities between the Hunger Games book and the Hunger Games movie are pronounced.                To begin, the Hunger Games movie is a very interesting movie that isRead MoreCritical Analysis Of The Movie Hunger Games1291 Words   |  6 PagesIn this essay, I will do a critical analysis of the movie â€Å"Hunger Games,† the short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† and Taylor Swift’s music video â€Å"Look What You Make Me Do† in terms of the use of symbolism, and the new self. The Hunger Games  follows 16-year-old  Katniss Everdeen, a girl from District 12 who volunteers for the 74th Hunger Games in place of her younger sister  Primrose Everdeen. The games itself is a competition to see who’s the strongest. The story of an Hour is a short story that describes

Comparing Spoken and Written Communication Free Essays

Comparing spoken and written communication Spoken language and web based communication are different from each other: they both have different features and aspects. Spoken language takes place in person, is transitory and relies on sounds. Whereas web based communication takes place online where speakers can be many miles apart during a conversation. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing Spoken and Written Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now So the features in web based communication are not present in spoken communication. A common factor which is required for a spoken conversation is turn-taking. This is when another speaker(s) allow the active speaker to finish conveying their point without interrupting. An example in my transcript is ‘Or do you want to check? ’ which is a complete utterance then the reply is ‘We’ll both check’. After person H has finished speaking only then does person F reply, this makes sure that the person speaking has the chance to say what they want to. Turn-taking allows a long and meaningful conversation to take place. If a speaker is interrupted, the other speaker will not be able to produce a sufficient response, causing the conversation to eventually end. Many spoken conversation conversations contain spontaneity; face to face conversations have to be quick and spontaneous. Speakers need to think of what they are going to say almost immediately. Rapid responses can avoid awkward and unwanted pauses. Sometimes the time given for a response is often too short, so to give the speaker some time to think about what to say next, fillers are used. An example is ‘Erm, I don’t know’. Fillers are commonly used at the beginning of a sentence or in the middle when the speaker is unsure of what to say (next). Without fillers the previous speaker may think they are still required to speak. We based communication can be considered as a mixture of written and spoken language as it has the spontaneous feature of spoken language but written as it gives the reader some margin in the time for their response. Some features such as fillers and non-fluency pauses are not displayed in web based language. Also as it is not done face to face, responders use other means of showing emotion, emphasis and in some circumstances, context. This leads to my first difference between web based and spoken language. As web based communication is made mostly of numbers, words and symbols. The actual meaning in spoken language is normally shown by the speakers tone, facial expression and gestures – which can be distorted, making it hard to display the literal meaning of text (pragmatics). So to get around this situation, online communications often use numbers, symbols and emoticons as representations of facial expressions. For example person F says ‘Yh, it woz sooo easy :)’ the emoticon was made using a colon and a closing bracket, indicating the casual and acknowledging manner as it would have been spoken as it a face to face conversation between person F and H. Features like these are not present in spoken language because they are already indicated by paralinguistic features. For example hand/body gestures and facial language of the speaker(s) which allow the pragmatic meaning and context to be understood properly. Another difference between spoken and web based communication is the way particular words and phrases are accentuated with the purpose to change the anticipated meaning. In spoken language this is done through the elongation of words such as ‘Hiiii’, or through altering the intonation of the voice, these are examples of prosodic features. Elongation is when a word is extended to place emphasis on the word(s) and to highlight its significance in the conversation However, while elongation of words in web based communication can simply be depicted as the repletion of vowels or consonants. Words in web based communication are not heard but read; consequently the physical varying of dynamics cannot be expressed. I have explored the differences between web based and spoken language but similarities are also shared between the two. Whilst speaking, specifically during long conversations, speakers often wish to speak as quickly and efficiently as possible to avoid zoning out and causing ear aches to yourself or the person you are talking to. Therefore to avoid any of the above from happening elision and ellipsis are used, elision is the omission of a vowel or syllable to make a word shorter by omitting a vowel or syllable (e. g. didn’t, won’t, can’t, etc. ) or by combining two words together for example: gonna which is going and to, wanna which is want and to. Elision is when whole words are removed from context but the utterance can still be understood for example ‘Same, just sitting down. ’ is a shortened version of ‘I’m doing the same thing, just sitting down’. This is also visible in web based communication; ellipsis and elision are used to convey a message quicker. However, unlike in spoken communication, this is done because many people are not able to type letters quickly or some websites such as twitter impose a character limit so acronyms and abbreviations are used to reduce the number of letters, spaces, symbols and numbers in the message. An example of an acronym is ‘†¦g2g†¦ ’ this stands for ‘got to go’ so it is a more rapid way of getting a message across using 2 letters and a number, especially when a person online has to go. Word shortening, using ellipsis and elision is more apparent online than in spoken language. The word length is determined by how many syllables a word has, not letters. For that reason numerous acronyms are used online as opposed to a spoken conversation, as acronyms do not provide any benefit in spoken communication. In today’s society and culture spoken communication is valued more than web based communication; this is why a good speech holds more significance and inspiration than an article online, spoken communication is genuine, authentic and unique. This could be due to the fact that the speakers tone, facial expression, gestures and emotion is expressed, whereas in web based communication we stare an emotionless, cold and bare wall of text. It may also be attributable to the point that the full capability of the internet has not yet been demoralised. Many people see web speak as one of the factors that vitiates the English language and contributes to poor spelling and bad grammar. Conversely others see it as a quick, efficient and practical way of communicating with one another when the means to do so are limited in terms of length and speech. How to cite Comparing Spoken and Written Communication, Essay examples

Sorceress by Opeth free essay sample

Since its inception in 1990, progressive metal band Opeth has released 12 unique and innovative albums, blending genres such as progressive rock, death metal, black metal, and even jazz and classical. Their 12th studio album, â€Å"Sorceress,† is no exception to this trend. This album marks five years and the third album since the band’s controversial switch to a cleaner, lighter sound, leaving the heavy distortion and harsh vocals of their death metal roots behind. Although many fans would like Opeth to return to their old sound, frontman and songwriter Mikael Akerfeldt has made it clear that his personal taste has changed – and so has the direction of the band. That said, Opeth’s metal background remains evident in tracks such as â€Å"Chrysalis.† Opeth’s style change did little to subdue the band’s immense popularity; just one week after its release, â€Å"Sorceress† hit top-ten album charts across Europe and became the bests elling hard music record in America. We will write a custom essay sample on Sorceress by Opeth or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The album’s 11 tracks total just under an hour. Every song, with the exception of the entirely acoustic â€Å"Will O the Wisp,† features guitar and synthesizer passages that complement each other magnificently, a skill Opeth has mastered. The album seamlessly transitions from heavy, chaotic swirls of instrumentals to simpler guitar and vocal parts, and vice versa, without detracting from the flow of the music. This dichotomy is particularly evident in â€Å"The Wilde Flowers† which features two acoustic interludes and a particularly complex ending. Akerfeldt’s vocals stand out. His wide range of styles even includes some harsh vocals, though not the guttural growls of death metal. Each song has a distinct sound while fitting into the overall album. The album flows smoothly and never seems disjointed. All instrumentation and vocals are highly technical and executed flawlessly. The production is clean and features a retro sound that fits the mood. As far as musicianship goes, â€Å"Sorceress† ranks high on the band’s overall discography. Technical mastery aside, music is inherently subjective. Some fans of the band, myself included, feel that â€Å"Sorceress† lacks in songwriting and emotion, especially when compared with older albums. â€Å"Sorceress† fails to deliver much emotional substance and often seems lackluster. This album is saved from mediocrity by three songs: â€Å"Crystalis,† â€Å"Strange Brew,† and â€Å"Era.† â€Å"Chrysalis† is the heaviest, skillfully situated between two slow, peaceful songs to emphasize its abrasive style. Featuring double bass drumming, and fading out with a guitar solo, it’s clear from this track that Opeth has maintained some metal influence. â€Å"Strange Brew† starts with a soft, jazzy guitar and takes the listener on a nearly nine-minute trip through Opeth’s musical mastery. Call and response lines featuring Akerfel dt’s harsher vocals coupled with drumming, in addition to mystifying guitar and synthesizer tones, make this song my favorite since 2005’s â€Å"Ghost Reveries.† â€Å"Era† ends the album on an uplifting note. Arguably the emotional pinnacle of the album, it presents feelings of hope and happiness. The main chorus â€Å"The end of an era/One starts anew† can be seen as Opeth’s own style shift and the end of their death-metal era; although the band’s style has changed, it has just begun to explore its new identity. â€Å"Sorceress† is a strong but not outstanding album. Although portions are forgettable, the album is definitely worth a listen. Fans of prog rock will thoroughly enjoy it, and even fans of Opeth’s old style will find parts they like. Time will tell where this album falls in Opeth’s discography and the world of rock and metal as a whole. But one thing is certain, Opeth will continue to perfect its styl e and make beautiful music for years to come.